This book provides an exciting and diverse philosophical exploration of the role of practice and practices in human activity. It contains original essays and critiques of this philosophical and sociological attempt to move beyond current problematic ways of thinking in the humanities and social sciences. It will be useful across many disciplines, including philosophy, sociology, science, cultural theory, history and anthropology.

-/- Philosophische Texte von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart sind Programm der Philosophischen Bibliothek. Jedes Jahr erscheinen in der »grünen Reihe« nach neuesten wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen erarbeitete Studienausgaben für alle, die es ernst meinen mit der Philosophie. -/- Herausgegeben von führenden Vertretern des Faches, eingeleitet und kommentiert, im Original, in Übersetzung oder zweisprachig, stehen hier neben den Klassikern der Philosophiegeschichte auch weniger bekannte und bisher marginalisierte Texte, die es wiederzuentdecken gilt. Repräsentative Auswahl- und Gesamtausgaben sowie Studien- und Wörterbücher ergänzen das Programm. (...) Gegenwärtig sind über 500 Titel von etwa 160 Autoren aus den letzten 2400 Jahren lieferbar. -/- Die Philosophische Bibliothek (gegr. 1868) ist die älteste und umfangreichste Sammlung philosophischer Texte, betreibt aber keine museale Rückschau auf geistesgeschichtliche Antiquitäten. Jeder einzelne Band schlägt eine Brücke zwischen aktueller Forschung und philosophischem Studium. Sorgfältigste Edition, Erläuterungen, Register und Bibliographien zeichnen diese Reihe aus, die zum Markenzeichen kritischer Textpräsentation geworden ist. (shrink)

In small-scale societies, punishment of adults is infrequent and employed when the anticipated cost-to-benefit ratio is low, such as when punishment is collectively justified and administered. In addition, benefits may exceed costs when punishers have relatively greater physical and social capital and gain more from cooperation. We provide examples from the Tsimane horticulturalists of Bolivia to support our claims.

Two studies document that people are more willing to express emotions that reveal vulnerabilities to partners when they perceive those partners to be more communally responsive to them. In Study 1, participants rated the communal strength they thought various partners felt toward them and their own willingness to express happiness, sadness and anxiety to each partner. Individuals who generally perceive high communal strength from their partners were also generally most willing to express emotion to partners. Independently, participants were more willing (...) to express emotion to particular partners whom they perceived felt more communal strength toward them. In Study 2, members of romantic couples independently reported their own felt communal strength toward one another, perceptions of their partners’ felt communal strength toward them, and willingness to express emotions to each other. The communal strength partners reported feeling toward the participants predicted the participants’ willingness to express emotion to those partners. This link was mediated by participants’ perceptions of the partner’s communal strength toward them which, itself, was a joint function of accurate perceptions of the communal strength partners had reported feeling toward them and projections of their own felt communal strength for their partners onto those partners. (shrink)

Tracing the broad outline of European art history means presenting the different methods considered essential to the formation of this discipline. Historiographical research arrives quite naturally at a criticism of the methods themselves and at a search for a broader horizon.To the extent that the historian is involved with the thinking and the problems of his age, his methods reveal personal and conjunctural concepts and ideas which will guide the reflections of his successors ; these successors will modify and correct (...) the concepts received in order to adapt them to new experiences and questions. Or they will add others which are more apt to supply the answers sought. The means of analysing art history today are the fruit of four centuries of discussion during which certain normative criteria, traditional theories and underlying concepts were called into question while at the same time, though being sometimes exported to other areas of the world, they have demonstrated a tenacious degree of longevity. But perhaps a brief recapitulation might be helpful here. (shrink)